Connecticut
Connecticut Security Camera Laws: Home, Business, and Workplace Rules (2026)
Independently fact-checked against primary sources (last audited August 22, 2026). · Reviewed by the RecordingLaw editorial team. · Law checked current as of August 22, 2026. · 7 primary sources cited on this page. How we verify our legal content
Connecticut law permits homeowners to install security cameras on their own property without a permit, but no single statute governs all camera use. Audio-enabled cameras can trigger Connecticut's eavesdropping law, CGS 53a-189 (built on the definitions in CGS 53a-187), and hidden cameras in private areas violate the voyeurism statute CGS 53a-189a.
Security cameras are everywhere in Connecticut, from residential doorbell cameras to commercial surveillance systems to workplace monitoring equipment. While no single Connecticut statute governs all security camera use, several overlapping laws determine where cameras can be placed, whether they can record audio, and what notice must be given. The rules differ significantly depending on whether the camera is in a home, business, or workplace.
This guide covers Connecticut's complete security camera legal framework as of 2026, including residential camera rights, business surveillance rules, employer monitoring requirements, audio capture restrictions, and privacy limitations.
Residential Security Cameras
Your Property, Your Cameras
Connecticut homeowners have broad rights to install security cameras on their own property. You may place cameras on your home's exterior, in your driveway, on your porch, in your yard, and inside your home. No permit is required for residential security camera installation, and you do not need to notify neighbors.
Common Residential Camera Placements
Legal residential camera placements include:
- Front door and porch areas: Including video doorbell systems like Ring, Nest, and similar products
- Driveways and garages: To monitor vehicles and entry points
- Backyards and side yards: For general property security
- Interior rooms: You can place cameras inside your own home, though guests and household members should be informed
- Windows facing your property and public areas: Cameras that capture views of public streets and sidewalks
Pointing Cameras at Neighbors
While you may record areas visible from your own property, deliberately aiming cameras to surveil a neighbor's private spaces creates legal risk. Connecticut courts apply a reasonableness standard. A camera that incidentally captures a neighbor's driveway while primarily monitoring your own property is generally acceptable. A camera specifically positioned to record a neighbor's bedroom window, backyard, or other private area may constitute invasion of privacy.
Audio on Residential Cameras
Many modern security cameras and video doorbell systems record audio by default. When these devices capture conversations, Connecticut's recording consent laws apply:
- If you are present and participating in a conversation captured by your camera, your presence and consent take the recording outside the eavesdropping offense's "mechanical overhearing" definition (Connecticut's eavesdropping law is CGS 53a-189, built on the definitions in CGS 53a-187)
- If the camera captures conversations between other people without any participant's consent, the recording may constitute illegal mechanical overhearing
- Consider posting signage indicating that audio and video recording is in progress, or disable the audio feature on outdoor cameras
HOA and Condo Rules
Homeowners associations and condominium associations in Connecticut may have their own rules about security cameras. These rules can restrict camera placement in common areas, require approval before installation, or limit the types of cameras permitted. Review your HOA or condo bylaws before installing exterior cameras in a shared community.
Business Security Cameras
General Rules for Businesses
Connecticut businesses may install security cameras to protect their property, prevent theft, and ensure safety. Video-only surveillance in areas open to customers and employees is generally permissible, provided the cameras are not placed in areas where people have a reasonable expectation of privacy.
Where Businesses Can Place Cameras
- Entrances, exits, and lobbies
- Sales floors and retail areas
- Parking lots and exterior areas
- Warehouses and storage areas
- Hallways and common areas
- Cash register and point-of-sale areas
Where Businesses Cannot Place Cameras
- Restrooms and bathrooms
- Changing rooms and fitting rooms
- Private offices where the door is closed (may raise privacy concerns)
- Any area where customers or employees have a reasonable expectation of privacy
Installing cameras in these prohibited areas can result in voyeurism charges under CGS 53a-189a, criminal invasion of privacy claims, and civil lawsuits.
Signage and Notice
While Connecticut does not have a general statute requiring businesses to post signs about security cameras in customer-facing areas, posting visible notices is a best practice. Signs serve multiple purposes:
- They deter theft and misconduct
- They reduce any expectation of privacy in monitored areas
- They help protect the business from invasion of privacy claims
- They may be required by insurance carriers or local ordinances
Workplace Security Camera Requirements
CGS 31-48d: Mandatory Employer Notice
Connecticut's employer electronic monitoring statute, CGS 31-48d, imposes specific requirements on employers who use security cameras in the workplace. Before installing or activating cameras, employers must:
- Provide prior written notice to each employee describing the video surveillance and how it will be used, before monitoring begins (the statute does not tie this to a specific point like hiring)
- Post a conspicuous notice in the workplace visible to all affected employees; the statute's own text states that this posting itself constitutes the required prior written notice
These requirements apply to electronic monitoring, including video cameras, whether visible or hidden, EXCEPT that CGS 31-48d's own definition of "electronic monitoring" excludes information collected for security purposes in common areas of the employer's premises held out for use by the public, such as a retail sales floor or public lobby, which fall outside the notice requirement for that reason.
CGS 31-48b: Prohibited Areas in the Workplace
CGS 31-48b absolutely prohibits electronic monitoring, including security cameras, in areas designated for employee health or personal comfort:
- Restrooms
- Locker rooms
- Lounges designated for personal comfort
No exception exists for these areas. Even with employee consent and proper notice, cameras are prohibited. Connecticut protects lactation spaces separately, under CGS 31-40w's break-time and private-space requirement, not under 31-48b's camera prohibition.
Investigation Exception
CGS 31-48d provides a narrow exception allowing employers to conduct monitoring without prior notice when they have reasonable grounds to believe employees are engaged in conduct that violates the law or the employer's legal rights. This exception requires documented, good-faith justification and does not override the CGS 31-48b prohibition on monitoring in personal comfort areas.
Employer Monitoring Penalties
Employers who violate CGS 31-48d's monitoring notice requirements face escalating fines:
| Violation | Penalty |
|---|---|
| First offense | $500 |
| Second offense | $1,000 |
| Each subsequent offense | $3,000 |
Placing a camera in a CGS 31-48b prohibited area carries its own, separate penalty track: $500 for a first offense, $1,000 for a second, and $1,000 plus 30 days imprisonment for a third or subsequent offense.
Audio Recording on Security Cameras
The Critical Distinction
The presence of audio recording capability on a security camera changes the legal analysis significantly. Silent video cameras are subject primarily to privacy and placement restrictions. Cameras with active microphones must also comply with Connecticut's audio recording consent laws.
In-Person Audio Capture
If a security camera records audio of in-person conversations, the one-party consent outcome under Connecticut's eavesdropping law, CGS 53a-189 (built on the definitions in CGS 53a-187), applies. The challenge is that a stationary security camera is not a "party" to any conversation. If the camera captures a conversation where no participant is present and consenting, the recording may constitute illegal mechanical overhearing.
To avoid this issue:
- Disable audio on security cameras where possible
- Post clear signage indicating that audio recording is in progress, so anyone entering the area is on notice
- Obtain written consent from employees in workplace settings where audio-enabled cameras are used
Telephone Audio
If a security camera captures audio of a phone call, the all-party consent rule under CGS 52-570d applies. The person on the other end of the call has not consented to being recorded by the camera. This scenario is best avoided by disabling audio capture or ensuring cameras are not placed where phone calls are likely to occur.
Hidden Security Cameras
When Hidden Cameras Are Legal
Hidden security cameras, sometimes called "nanny cams," are legal in Connecticut under limited circumstances:
- In your own home to monitor a caregiver or babysitter, provided the camera does not record audio without consent and is not placed in a bathroom or bedroom used by the caregiver
- In a business to investigate suspected theft or misconduct, provided the camera is not placed in an area where people have a reasonable expectation of privacy
When Hidden Cameras Are Illegal
Hidden cameras violate Connecticut law when:
- Placed in areas with a reasonable expectation of privacy: Bathrooms, bedrooms, changing rooms, and locker rooms. This constitutes voyeurism under CGS 53a-189a.
- Used without employer notice in the workplace: Unless the investigation exception applies, hidden workplace cameras without CGS 31-48d notice are illegal.
- Used to record intimate images without consent: Any hidden camera that captures intimate images without the subject's knowledge violates voyeurism statutes.
Voyeurism Penalties
Installing hidden cameras in private areas carries severe consequences:
| Offense | Classification | Maximum Prison | Maximum Fine |
|---|---|---|---|
| First offense | Class D Felony | 5 years | $5,000 |
| Subsequent offense | Class C Felony | 10 years | $10,000 |
| Involving minor under 16 | Class C Felony | 10 years | $10,000 |
Video Doorbell Systems
Legal Considerations
Video doorbells like Ring, Nest Hello, and similar products are widely used in Connecticut. These devices present unique legal considerations because they typically:
- Record video of anyone approaching the door
- Capture audio of conversations on the porch
- Store footage in the cloud
- May be accessed by law enforcement through data requests
Audio Recording Concerns
Most video doorbells record audio by default. When someone comes to your door and speaks, the doorbell captures that conversation. If you interact with the person through the two-way speaker, you are a participant in the conversation, and your one-party consent is sufficient. If the doorbell records conversations between other people on your porch while you are not participating, the legal analysis is less clear.
Best practices for video doorbell compliance:
- Post a visible sign near the doorbell indicating audio and video recording
- Disable audio if you are concerned about recording conversations you are not part of
- Review and understand your device's data sharing and law enforcement request policies
Law Enforcement Access
In Connecticut, law enforcement generally needs a warrant to access video doorbell footage stored on third-party cloud services. However, camera manufacturers have received data requests from law enforcement, and their compliance policies vary. Review your device manufacturer's law enforcement guidelines and privacy policies.
Security Camera Footage as Evidence
Admissibility in Court
Security camera footage is generally admissible in Connecticut courts if it meets standard evidentiary requirements:
- Authentication: The party offering the footage must demonstrate it is what they claim it is
- Relevance: The footage must be relevant to the matter at issue
- Chain of custody: There must be a documented chain of custody showing the footage has not been tampered with
- Legality of the recording: Footage obtained in violation of Connecticut law, such as from cameras illegally placed in private areas, may be excluded
Audio Component
If security camera footage includes audio that was recorded in violation of Connecticut's consent laws, the audio portion may be inadmissible even if the video portion is legal. Courts may separate the two components and admit only the legally obtained evidence.
Best Practices for Security Camera Compliance
For Homeowners
- Install cameras on your own property, pointing primarily at your own areas
- Avoid deliberately aiming cameras at neighbors' private spaces
- Consider disabling audio on outdoor cameras or posting audio recording notices
- Comply with any HOA or condo association rules about camera placement
- Use password-protected, encrypted camera systems to prevent unauthorized access
For Business Owners
- Place cameras in public areas and common spaces, never in restrooms or changing rooms
- Post visible signage in areas under surveillance
- Disable audio recording unless you have a specific, legal reason to capture sound
- Maintain and store footage securely with limited access
- Develop a written surveillance policy and train staff on camera procedures
For Employers
- Provide written notice to all employees before installing cameras (CGS 31-48d)
- Post conspicuous notices in monitored areas
- Never place cameras in restrooms, locker rooms, or lounges (CGS 31-48b); Connecticut protects lactation spaces separately under CGS 31-40w
- Disable audio on workplace cameras unless proper consent procedures are in place
- Document the factual basis before using the investigation exception for covert cameras
- Review and update camera policies regularly
More Connecticut Recording Laws
Audio Recording | Video Recording | Voyeurism & Hidden Cameras | Workplace Recording | Recording Police | Phone Call Recording | Security Cameras | Recording in Public | Landlord-Tenant | Dashcam Laws | Schools | Medical Recording
Back to Connecticut Recording Laws
More Connecticut Recording Topics
See Also
- Connecticut Surveillance Camera Laws covers home, HOA, neighbor, workplace, and landlord camera rules in Connecticut.
More Connecticut Laws
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need a permit for security cameras on my Connecticut home?
No. Connecticut does not require a permit for residential security camera installation. You may install cameras on your home and property without government approval. However, you should comply with any homeowner association or condominium rules, avoid pointing cameras at neighbors' private areas, and consider the audio recording implications of devices that capture sound.
Can my employer have cameras in the workplace in Connecticut?
Yes, with restrictions. Employers must provide prior written notice to employees before using security cameras under CGS 31-48d and post a conspicuous notice in the workplace. Cameras are absolutely prohibited in restrooms, locker rooms, and lounges under CGS 31-48b (lactation spaces are separately protected under CGS 31-40w). Employers who fail to provide notice under CGS 31-48d face fines of $500 for the first offense, $1,000 for the second, and $3,000 for subsequent violations; actually placing a camera in a 31-48b prohibited area carries its own escalating penalty, up to a $1,000 fine plus 30 days imprisonment for a third or subsequent offense.
Is it legal to have security cameras with audio in Connecticut?
Security cameras that record only video are subject to fewer restrictions than cameras with audio. When a camera captures audio of conversations, Connecticut's recording consent laws apply. A camera that records conversations without any participant present and consenting may violate the eavesdropping statute (CGS 53a-189, built on the definitions in CGS 53a-187). The safest approach is to disable audio on security cameras or post clear signage indicating audio recording is in progress.
Can I put a hidden camera in my own home in Connecticut?
Yes, with limitations. You may use hidden cameras in your own home to monitor caregivers or protect your property. However, hidden cameras cannot be placed in bathrooms or other areas where a person would have a reasonable expectation of privacy, even in your own home. Cameras in a guest bedroom or bathroom, for example, would violate the voyeurism statute. Audio recording on hidden cameras must also comply with consent rules.
Can police access my Ring doorbell footage in Connecticut?
Generally, law enforcement needs a warrant to access footage stored on cloud services like Ring or Nest. However, camera manufacturers may have their own policies for responding to law enforcement data requests. You should review your device manufacturer's privacy policy and law enforcement guidelines to understand how your footage may be shared.
Updates
Corrected the citation for Connecticut's in-person recording rule (the eavesdropping offense is CGS 53a-189; CGS 53a-187 is only the definitions section), removed a fabricated 'lactation rooms' entry from CGS 31-48b's list of prohibited camera areas (lactation spaces are protected by a different statute, CGS 31-40w), added CGS 31-48b's own escalating penalty (up to a fine plus 30 days imprisonment) for cameras placed in prohibited areas, and fixed a fabricated 'notice at time of hiring' requirement plus added the statutory public-common-area carve-out under CGS 31-48d.
Independently fact-checked against the cited primary sources; governing law re-checked for recent changes
Governing law re-checked for recent changes
Reviewed and approved by an editor
The Law Behind This Article
This article rests on the statutory provisions below, held in our own legal record and retrieved from the official source. Tap a section to read the operative text.
Connecticut General Statutes, Title 53a (Penal Code), Chapter 952
§ 53a-189aVoyeurism: Class D or C felony.In forcecited in 13 of our articles
(a) A person is guilty of voyeurism when, (1) with malice, such person knowingly photographs, films, videotapes or otherwise records the image of another person (A) without the knowledge and consent of such other person, (B) while such other person is not in plain view, and (C) under circumstances where such other person has a reasonable expectation of privacy, (2) with intent to arouse or satisfy the sexual desire of such person or any other person, such person knowingly photographs, films, videotapes or otherwise records the image of another person (A) without the knowledge and consent of such other person, (B) while such other person is not in plain view, and (C) under circumstances where such other person has a reasonable expectation of privacy, (3) with the intent to arouse or satisfy the sexual desire of such person, commits simple trespass, as provided in section 53a-110a, and observes, in other than a casual or cursory manner, another person (A) without the knowledge or consent of such other person, (B) while such other person is inside a dwelling, as defined in section 53a-100, and not in plain view, and (C) under circumstances where such other person has a reasonable…
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-08-31 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at cga.ct.gov
Cited in 6 court opinions in our collectionLatest citing opinion in our collection: 2026
In the courts (editorial summary, independently checked):In State v. Panek (2018) the Connecticut Supreme Court held that the 'not in plain view' element of section 53a-189a refers to the view of the general public, not of the person recording, and that the statute reaches a nonconsensual recording made in the victim's immediate presence. It rejected a vagueness challenge.
Opinions citing this section in our collection:
- State v. Panek (Supreme Court of Connecticut 2018, 328 Conn. 219)✓A man secretly recorded women during sexual encounters in his own home and argued they were in his plain view, so the voyeurism statute did not reach him; the Connecticut Supreme Court held the 'not in plain view' element refers to the public's view, reversing the dismissal.
- Middlesex Insurance v. Mara (District Court, D. Connecticut 2010, 699 F. Supp. 2d 439)✓Neighbors sued a homeowner for a campaign of harassment, including a voyeurism count under the statute for videotaping a woman; the federal court found every count alleged intentional acts excluded from his homeowner's policy and declared the insurer had no duty to defend.
- Project Veritas v. Michael Schmidt (Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit 2023, 72 F.4th 1043)“…ev. Stat. Ann. §§ 18-9-301(8), 18-9- 304(1)(a) Connecticut: Conn. Gen. Stat. Ann. § 53a-189a(a)(1); Connecticut v. Panek, 177 A.3d 1…”
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Connecticut Landlord-Tenant Recording and Surveillance Laws (2026), Connecticut Medical Recording Laws: Patients, Doctors, and HIPAA Rules (2026), Connecticut Laws on Recording in Public: What Is Legal (2026)
§ 53a-187Definitions. Applicability.In forcecited in 18 of our articles
(a) The following definitions are applicable to sections 53a-188 and 53a-189: (1) “Wiretapping” means the intentional overhearing or recording of a telephonic or telegraphic communication or a communication made by cellular radio telephone by a person other than a sender or receiver thereof, without the consent of either the sender or receiver, by means of any instrument, device or equipment. The normal operation of a telephone or telegraph corporation and the normal use of the services and facilities furnished by such corporation pursuant to its tariffs shall not be deemed “wiretapping”. (2) “Mechanical overhearing of a conversation” means the intentional overhearing or recording of a conversation or discussion, without the consent of at least one party thereto, by a person not present thereat, by means of any instrument, device or equipment. (3) “Unlawfully” means not specifically authorized by law. For purposes of this section, “cellular radio telephone” means a wireless telephone authorized by the Federal Communications Commission to operate in the frequency bandwidth reserved for cellular radio telephones.
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-07-29 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at cga.ct.gov
Cited in 12 court opinions in our collectionLatest citing opinion in our collection: 2021
In the courts (editorial summary, independently checked):Connecticut courts read section 53a-187's definitions to reach only surreptitious, nonconsensual monitoring. State v. Grullon (1989) applied it to place one-party-consent recordings outside the eavesdropping statutes, and Washington v. Meachum (1996) held those statutes are violated only when neither party knows the call is monitored.
Opinions citing this section in our collection:
- State v. Grullon (Supreme Court of Connecticut 1989, 212 Conn. 195)✓Police recorded the defendant's calls with his brother, who consented; the court held that replacing the older wiretap penal statute with section 53a-187, which reaches recording only when no party consents, gave no reason to exclude the transcripts.
- Washington v. Meachum (Supreme Court of Connecticut 1996, 238 Conn. 692)✓Inmates challenged prison rules allowing nonprivileged collect calls to be monitored after posted signs, signed forms and a recurring tone; reading section 53a-187's consent-based definitions, the court held the eavesdropping statutes are violated only when neither party knows.
- State v. McVeigh (Supreme Court of Connecticut 1993, 224 Conn. 593)✓Police used a scanner in a neighbor's apartment to record a couple's cordless phone calls; the court rejected the State's argument that a 1989 amendment adding cellular phones to section 53a-187's wiretapping definition left cordless calls unprotected, and ordered suppression.
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Connecticut Phone Call Recording Laws: All-Party Consent Rules and Penalties (2026), Connecticut Laws on Recording Police: Your Rights and Limits (2026), Connecticut Windshield Mounting Laws (2026 Guide)
§ 53a-189Eavesdropping: Class D felony.In forcecited in 16 of our articles
(a) A person is guilty of eavesdropping when he unlawfully engages in wiretapping or mechanical overhearing of a conversation. (b) Eavesdropping is a class D felony.
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-08-31 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at cga.ct.gov
Cited in 14 court opinions in our collectionLatest citing opinion in our collection: 2020
In the courts (editorial summary, independently checked):Washington v. Meachum (1996) held the eavesdropping statutes, section 53a-189 among them, are violated only when neither party to a call knows it is being monitored. State v. McLoughlin (1998), a trial court ruling on a scanner intercept, read 53a-189 to cover cordless calls, a question no Connecticut appellate court had decided.
Opinions citing this section in our collection:
- State v. McLoughlin (Connecticut Superior Court 1998, 45 Conn. Super. Ct. 497)“…on. Subsequently, the defendant was charged in violation of General Statutes § 53a-189, eavesdropping, which is a class D felo…”
- Rado v. Board of Education of the Borough of Naugatuck (Supreme Court of Connecticut 1990, 216 Conn. 541)✓A tenured teacher acquitted of eavesdropping was fired after a panel found he tampered with the school phone system to overhear staff calls; the court treated that conduct as proscribed by section 53a-189 and upheld the moral-misconduct finding.
- Washington v. Meachum (Supreme Court of Connecticut 1996, 238 Conn. 692)✓Inmates challenged prison rules allowing officials to monitor and record their nonprivileged phone calls; the Connecticut Supreme Court held the eavesdropping statutes are violated only when neither party knows the call is being monitored, so the noticed recording was lawful.
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Connecticut Recording Laws (2026): Hybrid Consent Rules Explained, Connecticut AI Meeting Recording Laws (2026), Connecticut Ring Doorbell Laws: What You Need to Know in 2026
Connecticut General Statutes, Title 31 (Labor), Chapter 557
§ 31-40wBreastfeeding in the workplace.In forcecited in 3 of our articles
(a) Any employee may, at her discretion, express breast milk or breastfeed on site at her workplace during her meal or break period. (b) An employer shall make reasonable efforts to provide a room or other location, in close proximity to the work area, other than a toilet stall, where the employee can express her milk in private, and provided there is no undue hardship, such room or other location shall (1) be free from intrusion and shielded from the public while such employee expresses breast milk, (2) include or be situated near a refrigerator or employee-provided portable cold storage device in which the employee can store her breast milk, and (3) include access to an electrical outlet. (c) An employer shall not discriminate against, discipline or take any adverse employment action against any employee because such employee has elected to exercise her rights under subsection (a) of this section.
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-07-29 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at cga.ct.gov
Cited in 1 court opinions in our collectionLatest citing opinion in our collection: 2015
Opinions citing this section in our collection:
- Katherine Frederick v. NH (District Court, D. New Hampshire 2015, 2015 DNH 187)“…me to employees who need “to breastfeed or express milk”); Conn. Gen. Stat. § 31-40w (providing that an “employee may . . .…”
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Connecticut Video Recording Laws: Consent, Surveillance, and Privacy Rules (2026), Connecticut Workplace Recording Laws: Employee Rights and Employer Rules (2026)
§ 31-48bUse of electronic surveillance devices by employers limited. Prohibition on recording negotiations between employers and employees.In forcecited in 4 of our articles
(a) For purposes of this section, “employer” means the owner or owners in the case of an unincorporated business, the partners in the case of a partnership, the officers in the case of a corporation or in the case of the state, any town, city or borough, or district, local or regional board of education, or housing authority or district department of health, the chief executive officer thereof. (b) No employer or agent or representative of an employer shall operate any electronic surveillance device or system, including but not limited to the recording of sound or voice or a closed circuit television system, or any combination thereof, for the purpose of recording or monitoring the activities of his employees in areas designed for the health or personal comfort of the employees or for safeguarding of their possessions, such as rest rooms, locker rooms or lounges. (c) Any employer who violates any provision of subsection (b) of this section shall, for the first offense, be fined five hundred dollars, for the second offense, be fined one thousand dollars and, for the third and any subsequent offense, be fined one thousand dollars and imprisoned thirty days.
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-07-29 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at cga.ct.gov
Cited in 5 court opinions in our collectionLatest citing opinion in our collection: 2010
Opinions citing this section in our collection:
- Cotto v. United Technologies Corp. (Supreme Court of Connecticut 1999, 251 Conn. 1)“…g information about toxic substances used at the workplace; General Statutes § 31-48b, which provides criminal sanctions agai…”
- Gerardi v. City of Bridgeport (Supreme Court of Connecticut 2010, 294 Conn. 461)“…he plaintiffs also alleged that the defendants had violated General Statutes § 31-48b (b) regarding the prohibition of monito…”
- Saloomey v. a Child's Garden, Inc., No. 324092 (Apr. 24, 1996) (Connecticut Superior Court 1996, 1996 Conn. Super. Ct. 3220)“…s §§ 31-71c , 31-76k (wage statutes), and a violation of General Statutes § 31-48b (d) (electronic surveillance). 1 T…”
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Connecticut Voyeurism and Hidden Camera Laws: Penalties and Protections (2026)
§ 31-48dEmployers engaged in electronic monitoring required to give prior notice to employees. Exceptions. Civil penalty.In forcecited in 20 of our articles
(a) As used in this section: (1) “Employer” means any person, firm or corporation, including the state and any political subdivision of the state which has employees; (2) “Employee” means any person who performs services for an employer in a business of the employer, if the employer has the right to control and direct the person as to (A) the result to be accomplished by the services, and (B) the details and means by which such result is accomplished; and (3) “Electronic monitoring” means the collection of information on an employer's premises concerning employees' activities or communications by any means other than direct observation, including the use of a computer, telephone, wire, radio, camera, electromagnetic, photoelectronic or photo-optical systems, but not including the collection of information (A) for security purposes in common areas of the employer's premises which are held out for use by the public, or (B) which is prohibited under state or federal law.
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-08-31 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at cga.ct.gov
Cited in 4 court opinions in our collectionLatest citing opinion in our collection: 2021
In the courts (editorial summary, independently checked):Gerardi v. City of Bridgeport (2010) held that section 31-48d creates no private right of action, reading subsection (c) to delegate all enforcement of the electronic monitoring notice duty to the labor commissioner. J.P. Alexandre, LLC v. Egbuna (2012) cited that reading when rejecting an implied right of action under a tax statute.
Opinions citing this section in our collection:
- Gerardi v. City of Bridgeport (Supreme Court of Connecticut 2010, 294 Conn. 461)✓Bridgeport put GPS units in fire inspectors' city vehicles without telling them, then disciplined them; the Connecticut Supreme Court held section 31-48d creates no private right of action because subsection (c) leaves enforcement to the labor commissioner.
- Borelli v. Renaldi (Supreme Court of Connecticut 2020, 336 Conn. 1)“…(2010) (comparing electronic monitoring statute, General Statutes § 31-48d, to other employment statutes…”
- J.P. Alexandre, LLC v. Egbuna (Connecticut Appellate Court 2012, 137 Conn. App. 340)“…idgeport, supra, 294 Conn. 472 (rejecting claim that General Statutes § 31-48d [c] provided private right of action wh…”
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Employer Guide to Wearable Recording Device Policies (2026), Connecticut Audio Recording Laws: Mixed Consent Rules and Penalties (2026), Connecticut Dashcam Laws: Mounting Rules, Audio Recording, and Evidence (2026)
Connecticut General Statutes, Title 52 (Civil Actions), Chapter 925
§ 52-570dAction for illegal recording of private telephonic communications.In forcecited in 21 of our articles
(a) No person shall use any instrument, device or equipment to record an oral private telephonic communication unless the use of such instrument, device or equipment (1) is preceded by consent of all parties to the communication and such prior consent either is obtained in writing or is part of, and obtained at the start of, the recording, or (2) is preceded by verbal notification which is recorded at the beginning and is part of the communication by the recording party, or (3) is accompanied by an automatic tone warning device which automatically produces a distinct signal that is repeated at intervals of approximately fifteen seconds during the communication while such instrument, device or equipment is in use.
Official text (excerpt) · last checked 2026-08-28 · Read the full text in our law library · Verify at cga.ct.gov
Cited in 22 court opinions in our collectionLatest citing opinion in our collection: 2024
In the courts (editorial summary, independently checked):Holler v. Buckley Broadcasting Corp. (1998) held section 52-570d creates a cause of action unknown at common law that is strictly construed, and does not reach a third party's rerecording of an already illegal tape. Jezouit v. Malloy (2019) held the statute does not waive the state's sovereign immunity from suit.
Opinions citing this section in our collection:
- Holler v. Buckley Broadcasting Corp. (Connecticut Appellate Court 1998, 47 Conn. App. 764)✓A girlfriend secretly taped a radio employee's call, and a coworker re-recorded that tape and used it to get him fired. The court held section 52-570d, strictly construed, bars taping a private call but not a third party's re-recording of an already illegal tape.
- Jezouit v. Malloy (Connecticut Appellate Court 2019, 193 Conn. App. 576)“…his complaint because (1) he brought his claim pursuant to General Statutes § 52-570d, which he contends waives sovereign imm…”
- State v. Skok (Supreme Court of Connecticut 2015)“…on without the consent of all parties to the communication. General Statutes § 52-570d (a) prohibits the use of ‘‘any instrume…”
Identified automatically from the court opinions citing this section — not a ranking of which case controls.
Also relied on in: Can I Sue Someone for Recording Me on Private or Public Property?, Connecticut School Recording Laws: Students, Teachers, and Campus Rules (2026), Can an Employer Record Conversations Without Consent? (2026)
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Sources and References
- Conn. Gen. Stat. 53a-187 - Eavesdropping Definitions(cga.ct.gov).gov
- Conn. Gen. Stat. 53a-189a - Voyeurism(cga.ct.gov).gov
- Conn. Gen. Stat. 31-48d - Employer Electronic Monitoring(cga.ct.gov).gov
- Conn. Gen. Stat. 31-48b - Restrictions on Employer Monitoring(cga.ct.gov).gov
- Conn. Gen. Stat. 52-570d - Recording of Telephone Communications(cga.ct.gov).gov
- Conn. Gen. Stat. 53a-189 - Eavesdropping: Class D Felony(cga.ct.gov).gov
- Conn. Gen. Stat. 31-40w - Breastfeeding in the Workplace(cga.ct.gov).gov